Through four probing dialogues with Muzaffar Iqbal, Seyyed Hossein Nasr maps the intellectual foundations of an Islamic response to modern science and technology. Nasr explains Quranic cosmology, Muslim critiques of scientism, ethical views on technological progress, and the ecological crisis, arguing that Islamic civilization must recover its spiritual foundations to properly navigate the challenges posed by modernity. Framing contemporary challenges within Islam’s encounter with post Renaissance Western thought, the book offers both specialists and non-specialists a lucid theoretical framework and practical guide for a spiritually rooted future.